METAR/SPECI and Synoptic Code
SYN ReportThis element defines a single surface weather observation report from a particular land or sea station, either stationary or drifting or moving. Report's data are distributed in a FM 15-X Ext. METAR, FM 16-X Ext. SPECI or a synoptic code: FM 12-X Ext SYNOP (fixed land station), FM 13-X SHIP, FM 18-X BUOY (drifting or moored).
The METAR code is the U.S. national and international code to report routine, hourly weather conditions at air terminals.
METAR is the primary observation code used in the United States to satisfy requirements for reporting surface meteorological data. METAR contains a report of wind, visibility, runway visual range, present weather, sky condition, temperature, dew point, and altimeter setting collectively referred to as "the body of the report". In addition, coded and/or plain language information which elaborates on data in the body of the report may be appended to the METAR. Aviation Selected Special Weather Report (SPECI) is an unscheduled report taken when any of the specified criteria have been observed. SPECI shall contain all data elements found in a METAR plus additional plain language information which elaborates on data in the body of the report.
The Federal Meteorological Handbook No. 1, "Surface Weather Observations and Reports (FMH-1)," is the authoritative source of observing, reporting, and coding standards for surface-based meteorological reports. These standards are applicable to all U.S. Federal agency programs. The handbook also documents U.S.-specific METAR coding standards and practices.
"The synoptic code is the WMO standard method for transmitting surface weather information via communications circuits. It is universal in that there are formats for data collected in several units (for wind speed), contains no plain language information (i.e., it is entirely numeric), is always in the same format, etc. There are allowances for each individual country to include national data which are not necessarily of interest to the rest of the world. This code has its own tables, etc., which are for the most part different from those used in the airways code, but is much more systematic... The official reference for taking the surface observation for any observer in the United States is the Federal Meteorological Handbook No. 1, published jointly by the US Departments of Commerce (NWS), Transportation (FAA), and Defense (AWS/Navy). The complete synoptic code is described in the Federal Meteorological Handbook No. 2 (same publishers as above)."
"The synoptic surface data is reported worldwide every 6 hours. This is the global standard for reporting surface data and thus better global coverage can be obtained by using synoptic data. The U.S. on the other hand does not use synoptic format and thus these reports should be augmented with U.S METAR reports."
Raw synoptic reports are highly encoded, which obscures the meaning of data and impedes their usage. Without consulting special coding tables, the information in these reports is inaccessible. The OMF is to redress this situation by annotating raw reports with decoded information, in conventional and self-evident units. The decoded information is the same as extracted by other popular decoding systems: WXP, Florida State's Department of Meteorology, and British Antarctic Survey's decoders. The pieces of the original report that are not parsed -- mostly regional codes -- are identified as such.
The OMF markup described in this document only annotates the raw text of weather reports, without altering them or omitting a single letter. An annotated SYN document arranges the information in a logical sequence, which is most suitable for further analysis. Yet it is always possible to reconstruct the original report in its entirety. In case of a coding or transmission error, the corresponding data are marked with a specific tag. It is up to an application then to try to correct the error and salvage whatever data possible.
| XML DTD | |
|---|---|
<!ELEMENT SYN ( SYID, SYCODE?, SYG?, SYSEA? ) > |
TStamp |
||
|---|---|---|
| Time Stamp when the station reported an observation | ||
LatLon |
||
| Location of the observing station | ||
BId |
||
| Station identification
For a land surface weather report, For a buoy or other observation platform, this id is a WMO-assigned or C-MAN alphanumeric identifier, which is reported in Section 0 of a synoptic report. For a ship report, the | ||
SName |
||
| The station's secondary identifier and the full name, if any | ||
Title |
||
Type of the original report this SYN element annotates
|
| |
The five reports above carry basically the same type of data, which are annotated in a SYN element. This Title attribute tells which particular report the information came from [See WMO Code table 2582]
| ||
SType |
||
| Station type | "AUTO" or "MANN"; the latter is assumed if omitted
| |
| Type of station operation: automatic or manned. The latter is assumed by default. | ||
Elev |
||
| Surface elevation of the station relative to the sea level, in whole meters. May be omitted if unknown. This attribute is never specified when annotating SHIP or BUOY reports as the corresponding stations are always at sea level. | ||
LimitTo, LimitRecd |
||
| Access Restrictions | ||
<!ATTLIST SYN %TStamp; %LatLon; %BId; %SName; %Elev; %AccessLimit; Title (METAR | SPECI | AAXX | BBXX | ZZYY) #REQUIRED SType (AUTO | MANN) "MANN" > |
SYID ElementThe SYID element annotates identification and position data, which constitute Section 0 of FM 12, 13, 18; or location, datetime and report modifier groups of METAR/SPECI. Attributes of this element provide information on instruments and measurement procedures that were used to perform the observation. An FM 18-X BUOY report has a number of quality control indicators in many sections. These indicators are annotated in the SYID section as well.
| XML DTD | |
|---|---|
<!ELEMENT SYID (#PCDATA)> |
WS |
||
|---|---|---|
| Indicator for wind speed units and instrument certification | "0", "1", "3", "4", or omitted
| |
iW code
iW indicator.
In this case, the wind speed units were determined from the Master Station
Library or various heuristics (U.S. ships report wind speed in knots).
| ||
<!ATTLIST SYID WS (0|1|3|4) #IMPLIED > |
SYCODE ElementThe SYCODE element marks up those tokens of the original message that are unparsed or cannot be parsed. Currently Sections 4 and 5 of synoptic reports, which contain regional or national-specific codes, are not parsed. The Remarks section of a METAR/SPECI report is not processed either. Occasionally some of report's data cannot be parsed because they were ill-coded or garbled during transmission.
Regardless of the reason, the unparsed parts of a report are thus clearly identified so that an application may attempt to extract or salvage whatever information possible. The present markup format does not correct or modify these unparsed pieces, and does not annotate them any further. The unparsed tokens identified by a SYCODE element always occur at the very end of a report. This implies that there may be at most one SYCODE element within a single SYN report.
| XML DTD | |
|---|---|
<!ELEMENT SYCODE (#PCDATA)> |
SYG ElementThe SYG element describes the basic set of meteorological conditions. The body of the element is a METAR/SPECI report body, or
Section 1 and Section 3 (if present) from the original synoptic report. Element's attributes spell out most of this information in "plain text". Some of this information (mostly some climatic data, and regional and special codes) is not decoded.
| XML DTD | |
|---|---|
<!ELEMENT SYG (#PCDATA)> |
T |
||
|---|---|---|
| the air temperature | a positive, zero or negative number, in degrees Celsius; may be omitted
| |
TD |
||
| the dew-point temperature | a positive, zero or negative number, in degrees Celsius; may be omitted
| |
RH |
||
| relative humidity | a non-negative number, in percent | |
| Only one of the attributes -- dew point or relative humidity -- may be specified. | ||
Tmn |
||
| the minimum air temperature over previous 24 hours | a signed decimal number with possibly one decimal fraction digit, in degrees Celsius; may be omitted
| |
Tmx |
||
| the maximum air temperature over previous 24 hours | a signed decimal number with possibly one decimal fraction digit, in degrees Celsius; may be omitted
| |
P |
||
| atmospheric pressure at station level | a positive number, in hPa; may be omitted
| |
AS |
||
| altimeter setting | a positive number, in hPa; may be omitted
| |
An altimeter setting is a function of station pressure and station elevation. Given the station elevation, P and AS are inter-convertible.
| ||
P0 |
||
| atmospheric pressure at sea level | a positive number, in hPa; may be omitted
| |
If a station is at sea level (as all ships and buoys are) and reports both station pressure and sea-level pressure, only P0 attribute will be present.
| ||
Pd |
||
| pressure tendency during the three hours preceding the time of observation | a string of a form
"a ddd" or omitted
| |
One or two-digit digit a is a characteristic of pressure
change. For values 0 through 8, see WMO Code tables.
Values 9 through 14 are reserved for BUFR.
ddd is the amount of pressure change, a signed
number, in whole and fractional hPa.
| ||
Ceiling |
||
| cloud ceiling | a number of feet, omitted, or a special token "INF"
| |
By FMH-1 definition, "Ceiling is the height above the earth's surface of the lowest layer that is reported as broken or overcast; or the vertical visibility into an indefinite ceiling". In a synoptic report, if the total cloud cover is 4 octas or less, the cloud ceiling is "INF". Otherwise, it is the cloud base of lowest cloud seen (feet above ground) -- the lower bound of the corresponding range of heights in WMO Code Table 1600.
| ||
Vis |
||
| prevailing horizontal visibility at surface | a number of meters, omitted, or a special token "INF"
| |
The Vis attribute is always given in meters, no matter how the corresponding token is specified in the report: as a number of meters, km, whole or fractional statute miles.Vis is set to "INF" if the corresponding token in a METAR/SPECI report is 9999, or CAVOK group was included. If visibility is reported as less than 1/4SM, the Vis attribute is set to "0".
| ||
Wind |
||
| wind vector | a string of a form "direction, speed", or omitted
| |
Here direction is a true direction (in degrees) from which the wind is blowing. It may be an unsigned integer number, two unsigned integer numbers separated by a - character, or a character sequence VAR if " the wind is variable, or all directions or unknown or waves confused, direction indeterminate." The direction integer number has a range of [0,360), with 0 meaning the wind is blowing from the true North, 270 stands for the wind blowing from the West. Normally this number has a precision of 10 degrees. If two numbers are given they indicate variable wind (with speed of greater than 6 knots) within the given directional boundaries.
speed is the wind speed in meters per second. It may be a single non-negative (generally fixed-point) number, or a pair of numbers separated by a - character. In the latter case the second number tells the speed of wind gusts.
| ||
WX |
||
| past and present weather conditions and phenomena | a string of four digits, a sequence of up to three space-separated ww'-tokens, "NOSIG", or omitted
| |
See Code tables 4677 and 4561 for the meaning of the four digits. This attribute is coded as "NOSIG" if there is no significant phenomenon to report. The attribute is omitted if not observed or data is not available (see ix indicator, Code table 1860).
A ww'-token is a character string describing the present weather, e.g., +SHRA or VCFG. See Section 12.6.8 of the FMH-1.
| ||
Prec |
||
| precipitation amount | a string of a form "nnn, hh" or "" or omitted
| |
Here nnn is the amount of precipitation which has fallen
during the period preceding the time of observation. The precipitation
amount is a non-negative decimal number, in mm.
The number less than 0.1 (e.g., .001)
indicates the trace amount.
hh is the
duration of the period in which the reported precipitation occurred,
in whole hours. This attribute is encoded as "" if no
precipitation was observed. The attribute is omitted if unknown or
not available (see iR indicator, Code table
1819). Sea stations typically never report precipitation. METAR/SPECI
do not report precipitation in their bodies.
| ||
Clouds |
||
| amount and type of cloud cover | a string of five symbols "tplmh" or omitted
| |
| The first digit is the total cloud cover in octas (Code table 2700). The second digit is the cloud cover of the lowest clouds, in octas. The other three symbols are types of low, middle, and high clouds, resp. See WMO Code tables for more details. | ||
<!ATTLIST SYG T NMTOKEN #IMPLIED TD NMTOKEN #IMPLIED RH NMTOKEN #IMPLIED Tmn NMTOKEN #IMPLIED Tmx NMTOKEN #IMPLIED P NMTOKEN #IMPLIED AS NMTOKEN #IMPLIED P0 NMTOKEN #IMPLIED Pd NMTOKENS #IMPLIED Vis NMTOKEN #IMPLIED Ceiling NMTOKEN #IMPLIED Wind CDATA #IMPLIED WX CDATA #IMPLIED Prec CDATA #IMPLIED Clouds CDATA #IMPLIED > |
SYSEA ElementThe SYSEA element reports information on sea surface conditions -- both in a raw and decoded formats. It is obviously present only when annotating SHIP and BUOY reports. The body of the element is the encoded information about sea conditions exactly as it appeared in a raw report, Section 2. A number of attributes present element's encoded data in a fully-decoded, self-contained format. Although all of Section 2 of the original report is carried in a SYSEA element, not all of it is decoded.
| XML DTD | |
|---|---|
<!ELEMENT SYSEA (#PCDATA)> |
TW |
||
|---|---|---|
| the sea surface temperature | a positive, zero or negative number, in degrees Celsius; may be omitted
| |
Wave |
||
| sea wave height and period | a string of a form "pp, hh" or omitted.
| |
where pp is the period of wind waves in seconds. The number hh is the height of wind waves, in meters. If a report carries both estimated and measured wind wave data, the instrumented information is preferred.
| ||
SDir |
||
| Ship's direction and speed | a string of a form "nnn, mm" or omitted.
| |
Here nnn is a true direction of resultant displacement of the ship
during the three hours preceding the time of observation. The number is in degrees,
or VAR if "variable, or all directions or unknown or waves confused, direction indeterminate." This is an integer number within [0,360), with 0 meaning the ship has moved towards the true North, 270 stands for the ship has moved to the West. Normally this number has a precision of 45 degrees.
mm is the average speed made good during the three hours preceding the time of observation, in meters per second.
| ||
PSwell |
||
| primary swell direction, period, and height | a string of a form "nnn, pp, hh" or omitted.
| |
where nnn is a true direction in degrees of the primary swell. The number pp is the period in seconds. The number hh is the height of the primary swell, in meters.
| ||
SSwell |
||
| secondary swell direction, period, and height | a string of a form "nnn, pp, hh" or omitted.
| |
where nnn is a true direction in degrees of the secondary swell. The number pp is the period in seconds. The number hh is the height of the secondary swell, in meters.
| ||
<!ATTLIST SYSEA TW NMTOKEN #IMPLIED Wave CDATA #IMPLIED SDir CDATA #IMPLIED PSwell CDATA #IMPLIED SSwell CDATA #IMPLIED > |
METAR
KMRY 091354Z 11003KT 8SM BKN004 10/09 A3006 RMK AO2 CIG^M^M
003V008 SLP193 T01000094=^M^M
EDFH 091350Z 28015G27KT 240V330 9999 -SHSN FEW009 BKN015 03/M00 Q1023 =^M^M
EKTS 091350Z 31017KT CAVOK 06/01 Q1002=^M^M
PASA 091355Z AUTO 09013KT 1 1/4SM OVC001 M04/M05 A2986 RMK AO1^M^M
TSNO=^M^M
CYYC 091352Z 01015KT 5/8SM R16/6000FT R28/5500FT -SN DRSN VV003^M^M
RMK SN8=^M^M
KEHA 091528Z AUTO 28009KT 10/M08 RMK AO1 PK WND 12 000^M^M
T01001083=^M^M
EGPD 06006KT 020V080 8000 VCSH FEW006 BKN012TCU BKN050 16/15 Q1008^M^M
TEMPO 4000 SHRA BKN010TCU=^M^M
AAXX 16124^M^M
47402 16/// /0225 10134 20118 39950 49959 56023 60692 333 10150=^M^M
47606 1//59 /2009 10207 20197 39985 40000 53042 60072 78180 333^M^M
10274=^M^M
47115 11650 80516 10176 20141 39844 40104 52020 60092 71022 8552/^M^M
333 10189 31017 55000 70126 92064=^M^M
AAXX 16124^M^M
46696 11563 10605 10256 20200 30097 40108 53014 69902 72161 81530^M^M
333 10312 555 81630 00990=^M^M
BBXX^M^M
ZSUY 26123 99172 30042 41398 81414 10210 20132 40205 5//// 70222^M^M
881// 22275 00170 20301 316// 40503 5//// 80165=^M^M
ZCCV5 26123 99238 50305 41498 71419 10215 20175 40207 54002 70222^M^M
87500 22233 02233 20302 309// 40604 80190=^M^M
WST9756 26124 99160 70317 41497 60620 10250 2018/ 40184 51024^M^M
70321 84321 22263 00274 20304 305// 40605 5//// 6//// 80205 ICE^M^M
/////=^M^M
ZZYY 56540 26108 0846/ 332193 114274 6113/^M^M
11119 0//// 30205 40205^M^M
444 2013/ 26108 1007/ 90000=^M^M
ZZYY 56901 16098 0848/ 318827 107832 6112/^M^M
11119 0//// 30143 40143 52001^M^M
22219 00246^M^M
444 2012/ 15098 2307/ 90015=^M^M
|
This sample would be represented as
<!DOCTYPE Reports SYSTEM "http://www.metnet.navy.mil/Metcast/XML/OMF.dtd"> <Reports TStamp="950226528"> <SYN Title='METAR' TStamp='950104440' LatLon='36.583, -121.85' BId='KMRY' SName='010452, MONTEREY PENINSULA' Elev='77' LimitTo='U NOFORN' LimitRecd='see CDO'> <SYID>KMRY 091354Z</SYID> <SYCODE>RMK AO2 CIG 003V008 SLP193 T01000094</SYCODE> <SYG Wind='110, 1.5' Vis='12880' Ceiling='400' T='10' TD='9' AS='1018' Clouds='66///'> 11003KT 8SM BKN004 10/09 A3006 </SYG></SYN> <SYN Title='METAR' TStamp='950104200' LatLon='49.95, 7.2667' BId='EDFH' SName=', HAHN' Elev='503'> <SYID>EDFH 091350Z</SYID> <SYG Wind='240-330, 7.5-13.5' Vis='INF' WX='-SHSN' Ceiling='1500' T='3' TD='0' AS='1023' Clouds='61///'> 28015G27KT 240V330 9999 -SHSN FEW009 BKN015 03/M00 Q1023 </SYG></SYN> <SYN Title='METAR' TStamp='950104200' LatLon='57.067, 8.7' BId='EKTS' SName=', THISTED LUFTHAVN' Elev='7'> <SYID>EKTS 091350Z</SYID> <SYG Wind='310, 8.5' Vis='INF' Ceiling='INF' T='6' TD='1' AS='1002' Clouds='00///'> 31017KT CAVOK 06/01 Q1002 </SYG></SYN> <SYN Title='METAR' TStamp='950104500' LatLon='63.683, -170.5' BId='PASA' SName=', SAVOONGA AIRPORT' SType='AUTO' Elev='16'> <SYID>PASA 091355Z AUTO</SYID> <SYCODE>RMK AO1 TSNO</SYCODE> <SYG Wind='90, 6.5' Vis='2012.5' Ceiling='100' T='-4' TD='-5' AS='1011' Clouds='88///'> 09013KT 1 1/4SM OVC001 M04/M05 A2986 </SYG></SYN> <SYN Title='METAR' TStamp='950104320' LatLon='51.117, -114.0' BId='CYYC' SName='71877, CALGARY INTNL ARPT' Elev='1084'> <SYID>CYYC 091352Z</SYID> <SYCODE>RMK SN8</SYCODE> <SYG Wind='10, 7.5' Vis='1006' WX='-SN DRSN' Ceiling='300' Clouds='88///'> 01015KT 5/8SM R16/6000FT R28/5500FT -SN DRSN VV003 </SYG></SYN> <SYN Title='METAR' TStamp='950110080' LatLon='37.0, -101.9' BId='KEHA' SName=', ELKHART (AWOS)' SType='AUTO' Elev='1099'> <SYID>KEHA 091528Z AUTO</SYID> <SYCODE>RMK AO1 PK WND 12 000 T01001083</SYCODE> <SYG Wind='280, 4.5' T='10' TD='-8'> 28009KT 10/M08 </SYG></SYN> <SYN Title='METAR' TStamp='950108400' LatLon='57.2, -2.217' BId='EGPD' SName='03091, ABERDEEN/DYCE' Elev='65'> <SYID>EGPD</SYID> <SYCODE>TEMPO 4000 SHRA BKN010TCU</SYCODE> <SYG Wind='20-80, 3' Vis='8000' WX='VCSH' Ceiling='1200' T='16' TD='15' AS='1008' Clouds='61///'> 06006KT 020V080 8000 VCSH FEW006 BKN012TCU BKN050 16/15 Q1008 </SYG></SYN> <SYN Title='AAXX' TStamp='908539200' LatLon='44.933, 142.583' BId='47402' SName=', KITAMIESASH' SType='AUTO' Elev='8'> <SYID WS='4'>16124 47402</SYID> <SYG Wind='20, 12' T='13.4' TD='11.8' P='995.0' P0='995.9' Pd='6 -2.3' Prec='69, 12' Tmx='15.0'>16/// /0225 10134 20118 39950 49959 56023 60692 333 10150</SYG> </SYN> <SYN Title='AAXX' TStamp='908539200' LatLon='36.783, 137.050' BId='47606' SName=', FUSHIK' SType='AUTO'> <SYID WS='4'>16124 47606</SYID> <SYG Vis='9000' Wind='200, 4' T='20.7' TD='19.7' P='998.5' P0='1000.0' Pd='3 4.2' Prec='7, 12' WX='8180' Tmx='27.4'>1//59 /2009 10207 20197 39985 40000 53042 60072 78180 333 10274</SYG> </SYN> <SYN Title='AAXX' TStamp='908539200' LatLon='37.483, 130.900' BId='47115' SName=', ULLUNGDO ISLAND' Elev='223'> <SYID WS='4'>16124 47115</SYID> <SYG Ceiling='3000' Vis='5000' Wind='50, 8' T='17.6' TD='14.1' P='984.4' P0='1010.4' Pd='2 2.0' Prec='9, 12' WX='1022' Tmx='18.9' Clouds='8552/'>11650 80516 10176 20141 39844 40104 52020 60092 71022 8552/ 333 10189 31017 55000 70126 92064</SYG> </SYN> <SYN Title='AAXX' TStamp='908539200' LatLon='25.066, 121.550' BId='46696' SName='RCSS, SUNGSHAN/TAIPE' Elev='6'> <SYID WS='4'>16124 46696</SYID> <SYCODE>555 81630 00990</SYCODE> <SYG Ceiling='INF' Vis='13000' Wind='60, 2' T='25.6' TD='20.0' P='1009.7' P0='1010.8' Pd='3 1.4' Prec='0.0, 12' WX='2161' Tmx='31.2' Clouds='11530'>11563 10605 10256 20200 30097 40108 53014 69902 72161 81530 333 10312</SYG> </SYN> <SYN Title='BBXX' TStamp='909403200' LatLon='-17.200, 4.200' BId='ZSUY' SName=', '> <SYID WS='3'>26123 99172 30042</SYID> <SYG Ceiling='600' Vis='20000' Wind='140, 7' T='21.0' TD='13.2' P0='1020.5' WX='0222' Clouds='881//'>41398 81414 10210 20132 40205 5//// 70222 881//</SYG> <SYSEA SDir='315, 10' TW='17.0' Wave='3, 0.5'>22275 00170 20301 316// 40503 5//// 80165</SYSEA> </SYN> <SYN Title='BBXX' TStamp='909403200' LatLon='-23.800, -30.500' BId='ZCCV5' SName=', '> <SYID WS='3'>26123 99238 50305</SYID> <SYG Ceiling='900' Vis='20000' Wind='140, 9' T='21.5' TD='17.5' P0='1020.7' Pd='4 0.2' WX='0222' Clouds='77500'>41498 71419 10215 20175 40207 54002 70222 87500</SYG> <SYSEA SDir='135, 6' TW='23.3' Wave='3, 1.0'>22233 02233 20302 309// 40604 80190</SYSEA> </SYN> <SYN Title='BBXX' TStamp='909403200' LatLon='16.000, -31.700' BId='WST9756' SName=', '> <SYID WS='4'>26124 99160 70317</SYID> <SYG Ceiling='900' Vis='10000' Wind='60, 10' T='25.0' TD='18.0' P0='1018.4' Pd='1 2.4' WX='0321' Clouds='64321'>41497 60620 10250 2018/ 40184 51024 70321 84321</SYG> <SYSEA SDir='270, 6' TW='27.4' Wave='3, 2.0'>22263 00274 20304 305// 40605 5//// 6//// 80205 ICE /////</SYSEA> </SYN> <SYN Title='ZZYY' TStamp='909391560' LatLon='-32.193, 114.274' BId='56540' SName=', ' SType='AUTO'> <SYID>26108 0846/ 332193 114274 6113/</SYID> <SYCODE>444 2013/ 26108 1007/ 90000</SYCODE> <SYG P='1020.5'>11119 0//// 30205 40205</SYG> </SYN> <SYN Title='ZZYY' TStamp='905935680' LatLon='-18.827, 107.832' BId='56901' SName=', ' SType='AUTO'> <SYID>16098 0848/ 318827 107832 6112/</SYID> <SYCODE>444 2012/ 15098 2307/ 90015</SYCODE> <SYG P='1014.3' Pd='2 0.1'>11119 0//// 30143 40143 52001</SYG> <SYSEA TW='24.6'>22219 00246</SYSEA> </SYN> </Reports> |
"Surface Weather Observations and Reports," Federal Meteorological
Handbook No. 1
Specifically, Chapter 12, METAR/SPECI Code
METAR Observation Code
http://www.met.tamu.edu/class/METAR/metar.html
provides more information on International METAR and coding practices
FM 12-X Ext SYNOP
http://www.zetnet.co.uk/sigs/weather/Met_Codes/syn_code.htm
http://wxp.eas.purdue.edu/wxp/Appendices/Formats/SYNOP.html
FM 13-X SHIP synoptic code format
http://waves.ncdc.noaa.gov/ship/sec3-ch1.htm
a part of Ship Manual (COMNAVMETOCCOMINST 3144.1D)
http://waves.ncdc.noaa.gov/ship/toc.htm#I1
See also
http://wxp.eas.purdue.edu/wxp/Appendices/Formats/SYNOP.html
FM 18-X BUOY
http://www.zetnet.co.uk/sigs/weather/Met_Codes/boy_code.htm
OMF DTD
The OMF Data Definition Document in XML format
Sample OMF document: land surface reports
Sample OMF document: sea surface reports
Retrieving of the latest land surface observation reports
http://www.metnet.navy.mil/cgi-bin/oleg/get-obs
Query for the latest SHIP and BUOY reports
http://www.metnet.navy.mil/cgi-bin/oleg/get-sea
The reports are presented in the OMF format described in this
document.
Retrieve the latest land surface reports and format the output in
HTML (e.g., for a presentation on a handheld device)
http://www.metnet.navy.mil/cgi-bin/oleg/get-wx-light
This script is an example of a server-side XML-to-HTML conversion.